Remote controlling apparatus



Oct. 13, 1936. L. E. SPRAY REMOTE CONTROLL ING APPARATUS Filed May 19,1928 3 SheetsSheet 1 INVENTOR f asp r @Ct. 13, SPRAY REMOTE CONTROLLINGAPPARATUS Filed May 19, 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR: 1,,5 .Spla y,

Patented Oct. 13, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE REMOTE CONTROLLINGAPPARATUS Application May 19, 1928, Serial No. 279,062

109 Claims.

My invention relates to remote controlling apparatus, and particularlyto apparatus for safely controlling traffic governing devices, such asrailway switches and signals, from a distant point.

I will describe three forms of apparatus embodying my invention, andwill then point out the novel features thereof in claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Fig. l is a diagrammatic view showing oneform of remote con 10 trolling apparatus, embodying my invention, as

applied to a single switch and the signals for governing trafiic oversuch single switch. Fig. 2 is a fragmentary view showing a modified formof the apparatus of Fig. 1, including a derail in 15 conjunction withthe switch shown in Fig. l, and also embodying my invention. Fig. 3 is afragmentary View showing, in turn. a modified form of the apparatus ofFig. 2, particularly for the control of switch indication means, andalso 20 embodying my invention.

Similar reference characters refer to similar parts in each of the threeviews.

Referring first to Fig. 1, reference characters I and I designate thetrack rails of a stretch X 25 of railway track connected, by means of aswitch F, with a passing siding Y. The switch F is controlled by a motorM, which in the form here shown comprises an armature I28 and a fieldI34. The track rails I and I of stretch X are divided. 30 by means ofinsulated joints 2, into a plurality of track sections AB, BC and CD,track section BC containing the switch F. A portion of track rail I ofsiding Y, adjacent the switch F, is insulated from the rest of siding Y,and from stretch X, by other insulated joints 2 to form section EC andthe rail of section EC is electrically connected, in series, with thatportion of rail I which is included in section BC. The portion of theother rail of siding Y, which is op- 40 posite to section E-C is notinsulated from. rail I of section BC and is therefore in multiple withrail I between points E and C. Sections E--C and BC will therefore bereferred to hereinafter, collectively, as section BCC E. Each of thetrack sections AB, C-D, and B-C-C E is provided with a track relay,designated by the reference character G with a suitable distinguishingexponent and connected across the rails adjacent one end of thecorresponding section.

.50 Track circuit current is supplied to the rails of each section by abattery 3, connected across the rails adjacent the opposite end of suchsection.

Eastbound traffic, that is, traffic moving from 55 left to right, isgoverned by signals S and S which are mounted on a common mast 213, andwhich as here shown are of the semaphore type. Westbound traffic, thatis, traffic moving from right to left, from siding Y, over switch Freversed,

is governed by signal S Westbound trainc mov- 5 ing on track X, overswitch F normal, is controlled by signal S The switch F and signals S SS and S are controlled, in part, by a neutral relay designated by thereference character H, and, in part, by a polarized relay L responsiveonly to current of a greater magnitude than that required to operaterelay H. Relays H and L are, in turn. controlled by a manually operablelever V having six resting positions designated respectively by thereference characters p, n, b, d, r and t. Lever V is equipped with sevencontacts 5, 206, II8, I51, I38, 234, and I62. Contacts 5 and I38 areeach closed when lever V is in its 1 or t positions or at any pointintermediate between these two positions, contacts 286 and 234 are eachclosed while lever V is in its 11 or p positions or at any pointintermediate thereto, contact H3 is closed while lever V is in its n or2' position or at any point intermediate thereto, and contacts I51 andI62 are closed while lever V is in its 1) or its d positions or at anypoint intermediate thereto. Lever V may be one of a plurality of suchlevers grouped together at some central control point, such as a traindespatchers office.

Associated with, and controlled in part by, lever V at the controlpoint, is an indication relay 1.

Associated with the control of relays H, I and L, are two asymmetricunits designated Z and Z respectively, each of which units may besimilar .35 to those disclosed and claimed in Letters Patent of theUnited States, No. 1,640,335, grantedto L.

O. Grondahl, August 23, 1927.

A slow acting signal stick relay T is so controlled by lever V and relayI, and in turn so controls relays H and L as to effect the non-stickoperation of signals S S S and S while lever V is in its n or 1positions, and to eifect the stick operation of these signals whilelever V is in its p or 1. positions.

The reference character W designates a clockwork release of the wellknown normally latched type. From the instant that contact I2---I2opens, when release W is unlatched, a measured interval of time elapsesbefore contact I2-I2 closes.

Associated with switch F is a switch locking mechanism, not shown but ofa well known type, also operated by motor M so as to lock switch F inits normal or reverse positions. Also associated with switch F is acircuit controller a, comprising seven contacts l9, I13, 2l5, I81, 95,82, and I32. Contact i9 is arranged to be closed at all times, exceptfor a brief period while the switch locking mechanism is unlockingswitch F and for another brief period while the switch locking mechanismis looking switch F; contacts H5 and 95 are closed only while switch Fis locked in its normal position; contact I13 is closed only whileswitch F is locked in its reverse position; contacts I87 and 82 areclosed while switch F is locked in either its normal or its reverseposition, but are open at all other times; and contact I32 engages asegment I32 at all times except while switch F is locked in its reverseposition and similarly engages a segment [32 at all times except whileswitch F is locked in its normal position.

Associated with track relay G and controlled by a front contact and aback contact thereof, is a repeater relay 9 Similarly associated withtrack relay G and similarly controlled by a front and a back contactthereof, is a repeater relay g Associated with signals S S S and S andcontrolled by contacts 62, 6 3, 6D and 58, which are operated by thesesignals, respectively, and each of which contacts is closed only whilethe corresponding signal indicates stop, is a signal back locking relayN. It is evident that relay N will be energized only while all of thesesignals are indicating stop, and that it will become deenergized whenthe arm of any one of these signals moves away from its stop position.

Controlled in part by track relays G G and G and repeater relays y and gand in part by contacts of circuit controller a, is a directionalapproach stick relay J, the circuits for which are so arranged that thisrelay is normally energized, butwill become de-energized by anapproaching train entering sections AB or 0-D, and will again becomeenergized when such train enters section BC-C E, and will continueenergized while such train is moving away from switch F.

An approach or stick locking relay P is in turn controlled, in part, byrelay J in conjunction with a contact of circuit controller a, and isalso controlled, in part, by back locking relay N, by track relay G andby control relay L. The circuits are so arranged that relay P willbecome de-energize-d as soon as either signal S or S is cleared for amove over switch F reversed, and relay P can then, while switch F isreversed, again become energized only by the deenergization of relay Gas by a train entering section B--C-C E, or by the operation ofclockwork release W to supply current in reverse direction for causingrelay L to close its reverse contacts. When either signal S or S iscleared for a move on track X over switch F normal, relay P will notbecome de-energized until an approaching train de-energizes relay G orrelay G A polarized relay R controls the operating current supplied toswitch motor M. The direction of energization of relay R is in turncontrolled by relays H and L.

At the control point, indicator lamp e, at such times as lever V is inits 1), n, r, or t positions, indicates, by means of a flash, theapproach of a train in sections AB or 3-0. While lever V is in its b or11 positions, lamp 6 will be lighted continuously from the time anapproaching train enters section AB or CD. Lamp e also provides acontinuous indication when a train occupies section B--CC E while leverV is in its 1), n, r or t positions. During the operation of switch F,lamp e provides a first single flash at the unlocking of switch F, and asecond similar flash at the locking of switch F upon completion of itsmovement.

In Fig. 2, changes in, and additions to, parts of the apparatus of Fig.1 are shown as required for controlling and indicating the operation ofa derail F in conjunction with the switch and signals shown in Fig. 1.Other parts of Fig. l, which are not shown in Fig. 2, are to beunderstood as operating in conjunction with the parts shown in Fig.2,,similarly to Fig. 1. The operating current for motor M of derail F iscontrolled similarly to that for motor M of switch F, by a polarizedrelay R which is in turn controlled by relay R. Instead of contact l9,shown in circuit controller a of Fig. 1, in the circuit of relays L, H,and I, contact 241 of circuit controller a and contact 239 of circuitcontroller a are substituted in Fig. 2. Contacts 2 and 239 are closedonly while switch F and derail F respectively, are locked in theirnormal or reverse positions.

A primary indication relay 1 is energized only when both contacts 2M and239 are closed while both switch F and derail F are locked normal, orwhile both switch F and derail F are locked reversed. Associated withprimary indication relay f, and controlled by a front contact thereof,is a slow acting secondary indication relay K. A front contact of eachof these two relays is included in series with each other in the circuitof relays L, H and I. A branch path, around these two front contacts inthe circuit of relays L, H and I, includ es a back contact of each ofthese two relays. Indication relay I is so constructed as to beresponsive to the open circuit interval between the opening of contact250, at its front point 250 and the closing of contact 252, at its backpoint 252 as well as to the open circuit interval between the opening ofcontact 250, at its back point 250 and the closing of contact 252, atits front point 252 Fig. 3 differs from Fig. 2 only in the control ofprimary indication relay 1, which in Fig. 3 is normally deenergized andin Fig. 2 is normally energized. In Fig. 3, circuit controllers a and.

a of switch F and derail F respectively, control relay 1 by means ofcontacts 2BI and 261 which are closed at all times except while switch Fand derail F respectively, are locked in their normal or reversepositions, whereas, contacts 2 and 239, in Fig. 2, are closed only whilethe switch F and derail F are locked in their normal or reversepositions. I

Having thus described, in general, the arrangement and location of thevarious constituent parts comprising my invention, I will now proceed toexplain the operation of the apparatus.

As shown inFig. 1, lever V is in its b position, switch F is normal, alltrack sections are clear, and all track relays are energized. Sincetrack relay G is energized, repeater relay 9 is also energized by acircuit including battery Q wires 3|, 46 and 41, contact Mi -48 of relayG wire 49, winding of relay g and wires 50, 5| and 52 back to battery QSince track relay G is energized, relay 9 is also energized, by acircuit controlled by contact 53 -43 of relay G in like manner as relayg is controlled by contact 48*5-48 of relay G With lever V in its bposition, relays H and L are tie-energized, and signals S S S and S areat stop. Since all signals are at stop, signal back locking relay N isenergized by a circuit including battery Q wires 54, 55, 5B, and 51,circuit controller contact 58 of signal S wire 59, contact 60 of signalS wire 6|, contact 62 of signal S wire 63, contact 64 of signal S wire65, winding of relay N, and wires 66, 61, 68, 18 and 45 back to batteryQ With approach track sections AB and CD unoccupied, therefore, andrelays G and G energized, a pick-up circuit of directional approachstick relay J is closed through battery Q wires 3|, 46 and H, contact 12of relay G wire 13, contact 14 of relay G wires 15 and 16, winding ofrelay J, and wires 11, 68, 1.0 and 45, back to battery Q A stick circuitof relay J is also closed through battery Q wires 54, 1B, 19 and 8!,contact 82-82 of circuit controller a, wires 83 and 84, contact 85 ofrelay G wire 86, contact 81 of relay G wires 88 and 89, contact 90 ofrelay G wire 9|, contact 92 of relay J, wire 93, winding of relay J, andwires 11, 68, 10 and 45 back to battery Q Since switch F is normal andrelay J is energized, a pick-up circuit of approach and stick relay P isclosed through battery Q wires 54, 18, 19, 8| and 94, contact 95 ofcircuit controller a, wire 96, contact 91 of relay J, wire 98, windingof relay P, and wires 99, 10 and 45 back to battery Q A stick circuit ofrelay P is also closed, through contact IOI of relay N, and includesbattery Q wires 54, 18 and I00, contact IOI, wire I02, contact I03 ofrelay P, wires I04 and 204, winding of relay P, and wires 99, 10 and 45back to battery Q With relays H and L de-energized, and relays P, N andG energized, current is supplied to a stick circuit of relay R frombattery Q through Contact I01 --I01 of relay R, wires I08, I09, H andIII, contact II2 --II2 of relay H, contact 40 40 of relay L, wire 39,contact 38 -38 of relay G wire 31, contact 36 36 of relay P, wire 35,contact 34 34 of relay N, wire 33, winding of relay R, and wires 32 andSI back to battery Q With lever V in its b position, the pick-up circuitof relay T is closed, through contact II8 of lever V, and includesbattery Q wires H4, H5, H6 and H1, contact II8, wire II9, winding ofrelay T, and wires I2I, I22 and 30, back to battery Q Relay T istherefore energized. On account of the approach track relays G and Gbeing energized, indicator lamp e is unlighted. As shown, release W islatched in its normal position.

I will assume that the despatcher now wishes to reverse switch F, topermit trafiic to move from track X to siding'Y. He therefore moveslever V to its r position, causing current to be supplied by batteries Qand Q in series, to relays L, H and I in the normal direction, and ofsufiicient magnitude to operate relay L as well as relays H and I.Current then flows from batteries Q and Q in series, through wire 4,contact 5 of lever V, wires 6 and 1, contact 8 of relay T, wires 9 andI0, winding of relay I, wire II, contact I 2*-I 2 of release W, wire I3,an adjustable resistance I4, wire I5, contact I6 of relay G wires I1 andI8, contact I9 of circuit controller 11, wires 20 and 2|, contact 22 ofrelay G wires 23 and 24, asymmetric unit Z wire 25, contact 26 of relayG wire 21, winding of relay H, wire 28, winding of relay L, and wires 29and 30 back to battery Q Relay L, upon closing its contact 40 at frontpoint 40 while its normal contact 42 is closed, completes the reversepickup circuit of relay R, and current therefore now flows from batteryQ through wires 3| and 32, winding of relay R, wire 33, contact 3434 ofrelay N, wire 35, contact 3630 of relay P, wire 31, contact 3838 ofrelay G wire 39, contact 40-40 of relay L, wire 4I, contact 42, andwires 43, 44 and 45 back to battery Q Relay R then closes its contactsI30 and I26 at the reverse points I 30 and I26 respectively, whereupon,reverse operating current flows to motor M from batteries Q and Q inseries, through contact I24 of relay R, contact I30 I30, wire I29,armature I28 of motor M, wire I21, contact I26I26 wire 209, contact I32I32 of circuit controller a, wire I33, field winding I34 of motor M, andwires I35, 61, 68, and 45, back to battery Q Just as motor M completesits movement, contact I32 of circuit controller a disengages segment I32and thereby opens the motor circuit.

The operation of circuit controller a in conjunction with the movementof switch F causes the circuit for relays L, H and I to be interruptedat contact I9 of circuit controller a, for a brief period during theunlocking and also for a brief period during the locking of switch F,causing relay I to close its back contacts for a corresponding briefperiod. When relay I closes its back contact I4II4I indicator lamp ebecomes lighted by current flowing from battery Q through wires H4, H5,H6, I36 and I31, contact I38 of lever V, wires I39 and I40, contact I4II4I, wire I42, contact I43 of release W, wire I44, filament of lamp e,and wires I45, I22 and 30 back to battery Q The movement of switch F toits reverse position opens the stick circuit, previously traced forrelay J through contact 82--82 of circuit con troller a, but by means ofcontact 82-82 closes another stick circuit for this relay, includingbattery Q wires 54, 18, 19 and 8|, contact 82--82 wire I46, contact I41of relay G wire 86, contact 81 of relay G wires 88 and 89, contact 90 ofrelay G wire 9| contact 92 of relay J, wire 93, winding of relay J, andwires 11, 68, 10 and 45 back to battery Q In the meantime, the pickupcircuit for relay J continues closed through contacts 12 and 14 ofrelays G and G respectively. The movement of switch F, to its reverseposition, also opens the pick-up circuit of relay P, previously tracedthrough contact 95 of circuit controller a. The stick circuit of relayP, previously traced through contact IOI of relay N, however, continuesclosed.

If the despatcher now wishes the signals to continue to indicate stopafter switch F has completed its movement to the reverse position, hereturns lever V to its 01 position, thereby disconnecting batteries Qand Q from the circuit of relays L, H and I, and thus deenergizing theserelays. When relays L and H close their back contacts 40-40 and II2-II2respectively, a reverse stick circuit of relay R is completed throughthese contacts, and current flows from battery Q through wires 3I and32, winding of relay R, wire 33, contact 34-34 of relay N, wire 35,contact 36-36 of relay P, wire 31, contact 38---38 of relay G wire 39,contact 40-40 of relay L, contact II 2I I2 of relay H, wires III, H0,I09 and I08, contact I01-I01 of relay R, and wires I 48, 10 and 45 backto battery Q 1.

If now, an approaching train (ls-energizes relay G contact 4848 willopen, thus breaking the pick-up circuit of relay g and contact 48---48will then close and complete a shunt circuit for relay 9 includingcontact 48-48 wire 49, Winding of relay g and wires 50, 5| and I49. Bymeans of this shunt circuit, relay g is caused to be slow in opening itsfront contacts and closing its back contacts. Relay G upon becomingdeenergized, opens its contact 12 in the pick-up circuit previouslytraced for relay J, and also opens its contact 81 in the stick circuitspreviously traced for relay J. Relay J, thus being de-energized, closesits back contact I52 which completes a circuit, in the reversedirection, through relays L and I of suificient magnitude to operaterelay I but not relay L. Current flows from battery Q through wires 30and 29, winding of relay L, wires 28, I50 and I5I, contact I52 of relayJ, wires I53 and I54, asymmetric unit Z wire I55, contact 22 of relay Gwires 2I and 20, contact I9 of circuit controller a, wires I8 and I1,contact I6 of relay G wire I5, adjustable resistance I4, wire I3,contact I2I2 of release W, wire II, Winding of relay I, wires I0 andI56, contact I51 of lever V, and wires I58 and I59 back to battery QRelay I then closes its contact I4II4I thus causing lamp e to becomelighted by current flowing from battery Q through wires II4, I I5, II6,I36, I60 and "SI, contact I62 of lever V, wire I63, contact I4I -I4I ofrelay 1, wire I42, contact I43 of release W, wire I44, filament of lamp6, and wires I45, I22 and 30 back to battery Q Assuming that it has beensome time since the despatcher has reversed switch F, and that in themeantime the despatcher has forgotten the position to which he lastoperated switch F, it is convenient that he have some means ofdetermining the position of switch F. Such means is provided by theposition of lever V which is now in the d position, indicating that thelast previous movement of switch F was to its reverse position.Similarly, for operations of switch F to the normal position, lever V isreturned to the b position if it is desired to hold all signals at stop.Lever V, then being in its 1) position, indicates that the last previousmovement of switch F was to its normal position. Similarly, lever V,when left in its 11. or p positions, indicates that switch F is in itsnormal position, andlever V, when left in its 1' or t positions,indicates that switch F is in its reverse position.

If, upon the completion of an operation of switch F to its reverseposition, the despatcher desires signals S and S to go to clear and tobe provided with non-stick operation, he permits lever V to remain inits 1 position. Operating current is now supplied to signal S frombattery Q through wires 54, 18, 19 and I64, contact I65 of relay G wireI66, contact I 61--I 61 of relay R, wire I68, contact I69 of relay L,wire I10, contact I1I of relay L, wire I12, contact I13 of circuitcontroller 11, wires I14 and I15, operating mechanism of signal S andwires I16, 5I and 52 back to battery Q The operating current for signalS flows from battery Q through the circuit just traced for the operatingcurrent of signal S as far as wire I14, thence through contact I11 ofrelay g wire I18, operating mechanism of signal S, and wires I19, I80,ISI, 44 and 45 back to battery Q Upon the clearing of signals S and Scontacts 64 and 58 operated by these signals, respectively, are openedand interrupt the circuit for relay N, which then opens its contact IOIin the stick circuit of relay P, thus de-energizing relay P. Relay N,upon becoming de-energized, also opens the reverse pick-up circuit ofrelay R at contact 34--34 and by contact 3434 closes another reversestick circuit of relay R, through battery Q wires 3I and 32, winding ofrelay R, wire 33, contact 34-34 wire I08, contact I01--I01 of relay R,and wires I48, and 45 back to battery Q If, now, while lever V is in its1? position, an

approaching train de-energi'zes relay G contact I6 of relay G opens,thus breaking the circuit through relays L, H and I until back contactI83 of relay g closes a branch path, including contact I83 and wire I82,around contact I6. this interval, relay I drops, causing lamp 6 tobecome lighted by the circuit previously traced through contact I4I-I4I. Relay G upon becoming de-energized, also causes relay J to becomede-energizecl as previously described.

As the train proceeds past signal S and enters section BC-C E, relay Gbecomes de-energized, thus opening the operating circuits of signals Sand S at contact I65 and causing these two signals to go to stop. At thesame time, relay G opens the circuit of relays L, H and I at its contact26, thus causing these three relays to become de-energized. Relay I,upon becoming de-energized, again closes its .back contact I4 II 4 I andso completes the circuit for lamp e, which now becomes lighted asbefore. Lamp e will now continue lighted as long as the train occupiessection BCC E, or until the despatcher changes the position of lever V.Relay G upon becoming de-energized, closes its back contact I 9I therebycompleting a pick-up circuit for relay J, from battery Q through wires54, 18, 19, 8I, 94 and I86, contact I81-I81 of.-circuit controller a,wire I88, contact I89b--I89 of relay 9 wire I90, contact I9I of relay Gwires I92 and 16, winding of relay J, and wires 11, 68, 10 and 45 backto battery Q At the same time, relay G completes a pick-up circuit forrelay P, through contact I94, and relay P now, becomes energized bycurrent flowing from battery Q through wires 54, 18, 19, BI and 94,contact I94 of relay G wires I95 and 98, winding of relay P, and wires99, 10 and 45 back to battery Q The arms of signals S and S uponreturning to the stop position, again close the circuit of relay N, atcontacts 64 and 58, respectively, and relay N thereupon opens itscontact 34-34 in a stick circuit previously traced for relay R butcompletes another stick circuit for relay R, through contact 3434 andcontact 3838 of relay G and in cluding battery Q wires 3I and 32,winding of relay R, wire 33, contact 3434 of relay N, wire 35, contact3636 of relay P, wire 31, contact 3838 of relay G wires I85, I09 andI08, contact I01---I01 of relay R, and wires I48, 10 and 45 back tobattery Q As the train leaves section BCC E, relay G again becomesenergized, closing the circuit of relays L, H and I and causing signalsS and S to again display the clear indication, by means of operatingcircuits previously traced, and without further action on the part ofthe despatcher. Relay G upon becoming energized, opens the pick-upcircuit of relay P through contact I94, and relay N, upon becomingde-energized when signals S and S again display the clearindication,'opens the stick circuit of relay P through contact I0 I, andrelay P is therefore de-energized. Relay J, however, continuesenergized, since its pick-up circuit is closed through contacts 12 and14 of relays G andG respectively, and its stick circuit is again closedthrough contact 82--82 of circuit controller a.

1 If, on the other hand, upon the completion of the operation of switchF to its reverse position, the despatcher desires that signals S and Sshall indicate clear and be provided with stick operation, he will movelever V to its 25 position, thereby opening the pick-up circuitpreviously traced for relay T through contact I I8 of lever V. Relay T,however continues energized through During itsstick circuit whichincludes battery Q wires H4, H5 and 229, contact 239 of relay I, wire23I, contact 232 of relay T, winding of relay T, and wires I2I, I22 and39 to battery Q Current will I now continue to flow through the windingsof relays L, H and I as before, and signals S and S will clear. If, now,a train approaches and deenergizes relay G the momentary approachindication is'displayed by lamp e as when lever V is in its 1" position.Lamp e also becomes lighted, as before, when a train enters section BCCE. Relay T, being slow acting, does not open its front contacts withinthe brief period of time during which relay I is de-energized as anapproaching train enters section AB, but does become de-energized whilethe train is moving through section BC-C -E and causing relay I to bede-energized for a longer period. As the train leaves section BCC --E,relay G2 becomes energized, closing its contact 26 in the circuit ofrelays L, H and I, which circuit, however, continues open at contact 8of relay T, and cannot again become closed until lever V is returned toits 1' position and thus causes relay T to again become energized. It isthus clear that after a train enters section BC-C -E while lever V is inits t position, action of the despatcher is required, to move lever V,before signals S and S will again display the clear indication.

If, after switch F has been reversed and signals S and 8* have cleared,the despatcher should desire to return switch F to its normal positionbefore a train enters section B-C-C -E, he will first move lever V toits n position. 'I'hereupon, relay L opens its front contact I69,breaking the operating circuits of signals S and 3*, the arms of whichthen move to the stop position and close contacts 64 and 58,respectively, in the circuit of relay N. Relay N, thus becomingenergized, opens the reverse stick circuit, of relay R, which passesthrough contact 3 l-3 of relay N, but, through contact 34- 3%, relay Nnow completes a stick circuit for relay R through contact 36-35 of relayP, this stick circuit including battery Q wires 3| and 32, winding ofrelay R, wire 33, contact 3434 wire 35, contact 3B-36 wires H9, I09 andI98, contact IIi'!----IEI'I of relay R, and wires I48, Ill and 45 backto battery Q In order to open this stick circuit and complete the normalpick-up circuit for relay R, relay P must be energized. While switch Fis reversed and relay G2 is energized, relay P can become energized onlyby its pick-up circuit which passes through front contact 250 andreverse contact 202 of relay L. In order to energize relay L in itsreverse direction, release W must close its contact I2I2 Accordingly,the despatcher unlatches release W which thereupon opens its contact I2I2 and thereby breaks the circuit of relays L, H and I. At the same time,release W opens its contact I43 in the lighting circuit of lamp e, thuspreventing the lighting of lamp 6 until release W has again been latchedin its normal position. Release W, after a measured interval of time,closes its contact I2---I2 and current is then supplied in reversedirection to relay L, from battery Q through wires 39 and 29, winding ofrelay L, wires 28,159 and I95, contact I9! of relay P, wire I54,asymmetric unit Z wire I55, contact 22 of relay G wires 2i and 29,contact I9 of circuit controller a, wires I8 and II, contact I6 of relayG Wire I5, adjustable resistance I i, wire I3, contact I2--I2 of releaseW, and wires I98 and I59 back to battery Q Relay L now closes its frontand. reverse contacts, causing relay P to be energized by currentflowing from battery Q through wires 54 and 55, contact 200 of relay L,wire 20I, contact 292 of relay L, wires 293 and 204, winding of relay P,and wires 99, ID and 45 back to battery Q The despatcher now returnsrelease W to its latched position, causing relay L to becomedeenergized. Relay P, however, continues energized by its stick circuitthrough contact IIlI of relay N. The circuit of relays L, H and I nowbecomes energized in the normal direction by current of sufiicientmagnitude to operate relays H and I but not relay L, such current beingsupplied by battery Q through a branch path around battery Q and contact5 of lever V in the circuit previously traced for relays L, H and I,this branch path passing from battery Q through wires H4 and 295,contact 205 of lever V, and

wire 207 to wire I. A pick-up circuit for relay R is now closed throughbattery Q wire 208, contact I I2 -I I2 of relay I-I, contact 40 -40 ofrelay L, wire 39, contact 38 -38 of relay G wire 31, contact 36 36 ofrelay P, wirev 35, contact Mi -34 of relay N, wire 33, winding of relayR, and wires 32 and 3| back to battery Q Relay R thereupon closes itsnormal contacts I26-I26 and I39-I30 completing the normal operatingcircuit for motor M, from batteries Q and Q in series, through contactI24 of relay R, contact I26 -I26 of relay R, wire I27, armature I28 ofmotor M, wire I29, contact I30-I30 of relay R, wire I35, contact I32 I32of circuit controller a, wire I33, field winding I34 of motor M, andwires I35, 61, 68, T and 45 back to battery Q If the despatcher permitslever V to remain in the n position, signals S and S will clear and willoperate as non-stick, when the train moves through section BCC E, in amanner similar to that described when signals S and S are cleared bylever V in its 1" position. The operating mechanism of signal S issupplied with current from battery Q through wires 54, I8, 19 and IE4,contact I65 of relay G wire I66, contact I6'I-I6'I of relay R, wire 2I0,contact 2 of relay H, wire 2I2, contact 2I3 of relay L, wire 2I4,contact 2I5 of circuit controller a, wire 2I6, contact 2|! of relay gwire 2I8, operating mechanism of signal S and wires I16, and 52 back tobattery Q The operating mechanism of signal S is supplied with currentby the circuit just traced for signal S as far as contact 2I5 of circuitcontroller a, thence through wire 2I9, contact 220 of relay g wire 22I,operating mechanism of signal S and wires 222, I80, NH, 44 and 45 backto battery Q Relay N becomes de-energized by the opening of contacts 62and 60, operated by signals S and S respectively. Relay P, however,continues closed by its pick-up circuit previously traced throughcontact 95 of circuit controller a and contact 91 of relay J. Hence,until an approaching train de-energizes relay J, by first de-energizingeither relay G or G the despatcher can change the position of switch Fwithout operating release W. When an approaching train de-energizesrelay J, and thereby de-energizes also relay P, the despatcher mustoperate release W if he then wishes to change the position of switch Fbefore a train enters section BCC --E.

As a train enters section AB, de-energizing relay G relay J becomesde-energized due to the opening of its pick-up circuit through contact12 of relay G and its stick circuit through contact 8'! of relay G Dueto the momentary de-energization of relay I when thetrain enters sectionA-B, contact I4I-I4I of relay I closes, for a brief period, the lightingcircuit for lamp e previously traced through this contact, except 3 thatthe circuit now passes through a branch path around contact I 38 oflever V, which branch path passes from wire I36, through wire I60,

and contact 234 of lever V to wire I48. Relay G upon becomingde-energized by such a 2'24 of relay 9 wires 225 and I88, contact I89l89 of relay g wire I90, contact I9I of relay g wires I92 and I6,winding of relay J, and wires I1, 68, I6 and 45 back to battery Q Whenrelay G becomes energized after the train leaves section B-c-C -E, relayJ continues energized by a stick circuit which is closed through batteryQ wires 54, I8, 79 and EH, contact 82- 82 of circuit controller a, wire83, contact 226 of relay g wires 22! and 86, contact 81 of relay G wires88 and 89, contact 99 of relay G wire 9|, contact 92 of relay J, wire93, winding of relay J, and wires 11, 68, I0 and 45 back to battery QRelay I-I, having been de-energized when the train de-energized relay Gnow again becomes energized, without further action by the despatcher,when relay G2 becomes energized. With relays H and G energized, theoperating circuit of signal S is closed, causing the arm of that signalto move to the proceed position. Since relay J continues energized, by astick circuit, while the train is moving through section 0-D, and whilesignal S is clear, the despatcher can reverse switch F, as soon as relayG has become energized, without having to operate time release W. Whenthe train has moved out of section C-D, relay G becoming energized,closes the operating circuit of signal S causing that signal to againdisplay the proceed indication. It is clear, then, that with lever V inits n position, non-stick operation is provided forsignals S and S Withlever V in its p position, stick operation of signals S and S isprovided similarly to that of signals S and S when lever V is in its 75position.

When a westbound train enters section C-D, relay G opens the pick-upcircuit of relay 9' and then, by means-of contact 53-53", closes a shuntcircuit for relay g similar to that closed for relay g by contact 48-48of relay G Relay g is then slow in opening its front contacts and inclosing its back contacts, and causes the circuit of relays H and I tobe open for the interval between the opening of contact 22 of relay Gand the closing of a branch path,-around this contact, through contactI84 of relay g Relay G upon becoming de-energized, opens, at contacts I4and 85, the pick-up and stick circuits, respectively, of relay J. Whenthe trainde-energizes relay G relay J becomes energized by a pick-upcircuit which differs from the circuit.

previously traced through contact I8'I-I8'I of circuit'controller a onlyin that it includes a branch path which passes from wire 223, throughcontact 224-224 of relay g wire 214, and contact I89e-I89 of relay g towire I90. As the train moves through section A-B, after leavin sectionB-C-C -E, relay J is energized by a stick circuit which differs from thestick circuit previously traced through contact 82-82 of circuitcontroller a, and contact 85 of relay G only in that it includes abranch path which passes through contact 228 of relay 9 If, upon thecompletion of an operation of switch F to its reverse position, thedespatcher returns lever V to its d position before signals S and Sclear, relay P continues energized by its V to its n position, withoutoperation of release W. Such operation of switch F to its normal po'-'sition and the subsequent clearing of signalsS and S controlled by themovement of lever'V from its d to its 11. position, is similar tothe operation of switch F to its reverse position and the subsequent clearingof signals S and S controlled by the movement of lever V from its 12 toits r position as already described.

In Fig. 2, derail F is shown in its normal 0 i derailing position andswitch F, as in Fig. 1, is shown in its normal position. Primaryindication relay f is now energized by current flowing from battery Qthrough wires 23'! and 238, contact 239-239 of circuit controller acontact 24I -24I of circuit controller a, wire 242, winding of relay andwire 243 back to battery Q by current flowing from battery Q throughwires 23'! and 245, contact 246 of relay f,-wire 24?, winding of relayK, and wires 248 and 243 back to battery Q If the despatcher now wishesto reverse switch F and derail F to permit trafiic movements to or fromsiding Y, he will move lever V to its 1' position, and current will flowthrough relays L, H and I, as previously described in connection withFig. 1. Relay L, upon becoming'energized, causes relay R to becomeenergized in its reverse direction. Relay R, upon closing its contactIO'I -IOI completesthe reverse pick-up circuit for relay R includingbattery Q wire 236, winding of relay R wire 235,-

contact ID'I-IDI of relay R, and wires I48, Ill and 45 back to battery QRelay R, upon closing its reverse contacts, completes the operatingcircuit previously traced in connection with Fig. 1 for motor M, whichthen moves switch F to its reverse position. Relay R upon becomingenergized by the reverse pick-up circuit traced through contact I O'I-IO'I of relay R, causes the operation of motor M in like manner asrelay R causes: the operation of motor M.

As soon as circuit controller 01. opens its con-- tact 24I-24I whileswitch F is being unlocked, the circuit previously traced for relay f isbroken, and relay 1, then becoming de-energized, opens its contact 246,in turn. causing relay K to become de-energized. When switch F andderail F have become locked in their reverse positions, current flows ina portion of the circuit previously traced for relay 1 as far as wire238, thence through contact 239-239 of circuit controller a contact 24I-24I of circuit controller a, wire 242, winding of relay 1, and wire 243back to battery Q Contact 250 of relay 7 and contact 252 of relay K areconnected in series and are substituted, in the circuit for relays L, Hand I, in place of contact I9 of circuit controller a shown in Fig. 1.Indication relay I therefore becomes de-energized for a period lastingfrom the opening of contact fill-250 until the clos ing of contact252-252 in series with contact 250-2 50* thus causing lamp e to becomelighted for a corresponding period and again for a similar period fromthe time of opening of contact 256-250", until the closing of contact252-252 Secondary indication relay K is energized in series with contact250-250 when switch F and derail F have completed their operation to thereverse position. Contact 256 of circuit controller a closed only whilederail F is locked in its reverse position, is inserted in the operatingcircuit of signals S and S between contact ill of relay L and contactI13 of circuit controller a, thus ensuring that derail F, as well asswitch F, has been moved to its reverse position before signals S and Swill clear. The operation when switch F and derail F are returned fromthe reverse to the normal position is similar to that just described andwill be readily understood without further description.

In Fig. 3, each part is shown in the same position and state ofenergization as the similar part of Fig. 2, except that relays f and Kare de-energized, whereas, in Fig. 2 they are energized. If, with thearrangement of Fig. 3, the despatcher moves lever V to its 1* positionto cause the operation of switch F and derail F to their reversepositions, contact 26l of switch F will first become closed as soon asthe locking mechanism of switch F starts to unlock switch F, and primaryindication relay 1 will then be energized by current flowing frombattery Q through wires 25B and 259, contact 28! of circuit controllera, wires 262 and 263, winding of relay 1, and wire 26:! back to batteryQ The pick-up circuit for relay K will then become closed throughbattery Q wires 258 and 269, contact 270 of relay 1, wire 2', winding ofrelay K, and wires 272 and 264 back to battery Q Relay 1, upon becomingenergized, opens its contact 25!l250 and, after an interval of time,relay K closes its contact 252252 in series with contact 25ll-25l] ofrelay 1. When the locking mechanism of derail F starts to unlock derailF a branch path will be closed around contact 26! in the circuit justtraced for relay 1, this branch path passing from wire 259, through wire265, contact 261 of circuit controller w and wire 268 to wire 263.During the interval between the opening of contact 25ll-25l and theclosing of contact 252252 relay I is de-energized, thus causing lamp eto be lighted for a corresponding period. When switch F and derail Fbecome locked in their reverse positions, contacts 26! and 26'! againopen and relay 1 again becomes de-energized, causing relay K to alsobecome de-energized. Relay I is again de-energized for a period from theopening of contact 25l]250 until the closing of contact 252-252 of relayK, causing lamp e to be lighted for a similar period. Relay K is soconstructed that a greater time is required for opening its frontcontacts when its control circuit is broken, than is required for theopening of its back contacts when its control circuit becomes closed. Itwill therefore be clear that with the arrangement of Fig. 2, lamp e willbe lighted for a longer period while switch F and derail F are beingunlocked than while they are being locked. Whereas, with the arrangementof Fig. 3, the reverse is true, namely, that lamp 6 will be lighted fora longer period while switch F and derail F are being locked than whilethey are being unlocked.

Although I have herein shown and described only three forms of remotecontrolling apparatus embodying my invention, it is understood thatvarious changes and modifications may be made therein within the scopeof the appended claims without departing from the spirit and scope of myinvention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. In combination with a railway traffic governing device, a firstcontrol relay, a second control relay responsive only to current ofgreater magnitude than that required for the operation of said firstrelay, means for controlling the operation of said device to oneposition or another according as the front contacts of said second relayare closed or the front contacts of said first relay are closed whilethe back contacts of the second relay are closed, manually operablemeans for at times supplying current of one magnitude to the coils ofsaid first relay, and manually operable means for at times supplyingcurrent of a greater magnitude to the coils of said second relay.

2. In combination with a railway traffic governing device, a firstcontrol relay, a second control relay responsive only to current ofgreater magnitude than that required for the operation of said firstrelay, means for controlling the operation of said device to oneposition or another according as the front contacts of said second relayare closed or the front contacts of said first relay are closed Whilethe back contacts of the second relay are closed, manually operablemeans for at times supplying current to said first and second relays inseries and of sufficient magnitude to operate the first relay but notthe second relay, and manually operable means for at times supplyingcurrent to said first and second relays in series and of sufficientmagnitude to operate the second relay.

3. In combination, a railway trafiic governing device, a first controlrelay, a second control relay responsive only to current of greatermagnitude than that required for the operation of said first relay,means for controlling the operation of said device to one position oranother according as the front contacts of said second relay are closedor the front contacts of said first relay are closed while the backcontacts of the second relay are closed, a locking mechanism for saiddevice operated in conjunction therewith, a device contact arranged toopen for a brief period while said locking mechanism is looking saiddevice and for another brief period while said locking mechanism isunlocking said device, a detector track circuit for said deviceincluding a track relay, one or more approach track circuits for saiddevice each including a track relay, a repeater relay for each suchapproach track relay controlled by a front contact thereof, a snubbingcircuit for each of said approach track relay repeaters including a backcontact of its approach track relay, a pair of contacts for each of saidapproach track circuits comprising a front contact of the correspondingapproach track relay in multiple with a back contact of its repeaterrelay, a circuit including one of said pairs of contacts for each ofsaid approach track circuits and a front contact of said detector trackrelay as well as said device contact and said first and second controlrelays in series, an indication relay also in series with said contactsand said control relays in said circuit and responsive to the opencircuit intervals of said device contact and to the open circuitinterval between the opening of the approach track relay contact and theclosing of the repeater relay contact of each of said pairs of contactsas well as to the opening of said detector track relay contact,indication means controlled by said indi cation relay, and manuallyoperable means for at times supplying current to said circuit ofsulficontrol relay and for at times supplying current to said circuit ofsuficient magnitude to operate said second control relay as well assaidfirst control relay and said indication relay.

4. In combination, a railway track circuit including a track relay, asignal for governing traffic over said track circuit, a manuallyoperable lever having a normal position and a first and a second controlposition, means effective when said lever is moved from normal to saidsecond position while said track relay is energized to cause said signalto display a proceed indication,

means causing said signal to continue to display a proceed indicationwhen said lever is moved from said second to said first position whilesaid track relay is energized, means causing said signal to display astop indication when said track 20 relay becomes de-energized, meanseffective when said track relay becomes energized while said lever is insaid second position to cause said signal to display a proceedindication without further manipulation of said lever, and meanseffective when said track relay becomes energized while said lever is insaid first position to require the lever to be returned to normal or tosaid second position in order to cause said signal to display a proceedindication.

5. In combination, a railway track circuit including a track relay,'asignal for governing traffic over said track circuit, a control relay,means causing said signal to display its clear indication while saidcontrol relay is energized, an indication relay, a signal stick relay, amanually operable lever having a first and a second position, a pick-upcircuit for said stick relay controlled by a contact closed while saidlever is in said second position, a stick circuit for said stick relaycontrolled by a contact of said indication relay, a circuit includingsaid control relay and said indication relay as well as a contact ofsaid track relay and a contact of said stick relay in series, and meansfor supplying current to said circuit through a contact closed whilesaid lever is in said first or said second position or while said leveris in any position intermediate between said first and second positionsto energize said control relay and said indication relay.

6. In combination with a railway trafiic governing device, a neutralcontrol relay, a polarized control relay responsive only to current ofgreater magnitude than that required for the operation of said neutralrelay, means for controlling the operation of said device to oneposition or another according as the front and normal contacts of saidpolarized relay are closed or the front contacts of said neutral relayare closed while the back contacts of said polarized relay are closed,means for at times supplying current to said neutral and polarizedrelays in series and of sufiicient magnitude to operate the neutral butnot the polarized relay, means for at times supplying current to saidneutral and polarized relays in series and of sufiiicient magnitude tooperate the polarized relay as well as the neutral relay, one or moreapproach track circuits for said device and each such approach circuitincluding a track relay, approach locking means for at times preventingthe operation of said device when any one of said approach track relaysis de-energized, manually operable means for at times energizing saidpolarized relay in reverse direction, and means including a front and areverse contact of said polarized relay for at times nullifying saidapproach locking means.

7. In combination with a railway traffic governing device, control meansfor said device supplied with current by a manually operable means, anapproach track circuit for said device including a track relay, approachlocking means for at times preventing the operation of said device whensaid approach track relay is de-energized, a release relay for at timesnullifying said approach locking means, an indication relay, indicationmeans controlled by said indication relay, a circuit including saidindication relay and said release relay in series, manually operablemeans for at times supplying current to said circuit of sufficientmagnitude to operate said indication relay but not said release relay,and manually operable means for at times increasing the current suppliedto said release relay to a magnitude sufficient to operate said releaserelay.

8. In combination, a railway switch, manually operable means forcontrolling the operation of said switch to one position or'the other,normal contacts operated in conjunction with said switch and arranged tobe closed while said switch is in its normal position only, reversecontacts operated in conjunction with said switch and arranged to beclosed while said switch is in its reverse position only, a detectortrack circuit for said switch including a track relay, a first approachtrack circuit adjoining one end of said detector circuit and including atrack relay, a second approach track circuit adjoining the opposite endof said detector track circuit and including a track relay, 7

a first approach repeater relaycontrolled by said first approach trackrelay, a second approach repeater relay controlled by said secondapproach track relay, a directional approach stick relay, indicationmeans controlled by said stick'relay, a first pick-up circuit for saidstick relay controlled by a front contact of said first approach trackrelay and a front contact of said second approach track relay, a secondpick-up circuit for said stick relay controlled by one of said normalswitch contacts and a front contact of said first approach repeaterrelay as well as a back contact of said second approach repeater relayand a back contact of said detector track relay, a third pick-up circuitfor said stick relay controlled by one of said normal switch contactsand a back contact of said first approach repeater relay as well as afront contact of said second approach repeater relay and a back contactof said detector relay, a fourth pick-up circuit for said stick relaycontrolled by one of said reverse switch contacts and a back contact ofsaid second approach repeater relay as well as a back contact of saiddetector relay, a first stick circuit for said stick relay controlled byone of said normal switch contacts and a front contact of said detectorrelay as well as a front contact of said first approach track relay anda front contact of said second approach track relay, a second stickcircuit for said stick relay differing from said first stick circuitonly in being controlled by a back contact of said first approachrepeater relay instead of by a front contact of said first approachtrack relay, a third stick circuit for said stick relay differing fromsaid first stick circuit only in being controlled by a back contact ofsaid second approach repeater relay instead of by a front contact ofsaid second approach track relay, a fourth stick circuit for said stickrelay controlled by one of said reverse switch contacts and a frontcontact of said first approach track relay as well as a front contact ofsaid second approach track relay and a front contact of said detectorrelay, and a fifth stick circuit for said stick relay differing fromsaid fourth stick circuit only in being controlled by a back contact ofsaid second approach repeater relay instead of by a front contact ofsaid second approach track relay.

9. In combination, a railway switch which in its normal position directstrafiic over a first track only and in its reverse position directstraffic from said first track to a second track or from said secondtrack to said first track, a neutral control relay, a polarized controlrelay responsive only to current of greater magnitude than that requiredfor the operation of said neutral relay, manually operable means for attimes supplying current of normal polarity to said neutral and polarizedrelays in series and of sufiicient magnitude to operate the neutral butnot the polarized relay, manually operable means for at times supplyingcurrent of normal polarity to said neutral and polarized relays inseries and of sufiicient magnitude to operate the polarized relay aswell as the neutral relay, manually operable means for at timessupplying current of reverse polarity to operate said polarized relay tothe reverse position, normal switch contacts closed only while saidswitch is in its normal position, reverse switch contacts closed onlywhile said switch is in its reverse position, a detector track circuitfor said switch including a track relay, a first approach track circuitadjoining one end of said detector circuit in said first track andincluding a track relay, a second approach track circuit adjoining theother end of said detector circuit in said first track and including atrack relay, a first and a second approach repeater relay controlledrespectively by said first and said second approach track relays, adirectional approach stick relay controlled by said first and saidsecond approach track relays and by said first and said second approachrepeater relays as well as by said detector relay and one or more saidnormal and one or more said reverse switch contacts, a plurality ofsignals governing trafiic over said switch, means for controlling saidsignals by said neutral and polarized control relays, a signal backlocking relay energized only when all of said signalsindicate stop,means for controllingthe operation of said switch to one position or theother according as the front and normal contacts of said polarized relayare closed or the front contacts of said neutral relay are closed whilethe back contacts of said polarized relay are closed, an approach sticklocking relay which according to trafiic conditions at times preventsthe operation of said switch, a first pick-up circuit for said sticklocking relay controlled by a back contact of said detector relay, asecond pick-up circuit for said stick locking relay controlled by afront and a reverse contact of said polarized relay, a third pick-upcircuit for said stick locking relay controlled by one of said normalswitch contacts and a front contact of said directional approach stickrelay, and a stick circuit for said stick locking relay controlled by afront contact of said back locking relay.

10. In combination, a railway switch which in its normal positiondirects trafiic over a first track only and in its reverse positiondirects traffic from said first track to a second track or from saidsecond track to said first track, a neutral control relay, a polarizedcontrol relay responsive only to current of greater magnitude than thatrequired for the operation of said neutral relay, manually operablemeans for at times supplying current of normal polarity to said neutraland polarized relays in series and of sulfioient magnitude to operatethe neutral but not the polarized relay, manually operable means for attimes supplying current of normal polarity to said neutral and polarizedrelays in series and of sufficient magnitude to operate the polarizedrelay as Well as the neutral relay, manually operable means for at timessupplying current of reverse polarity to operate said polarized relay tothe reverse position, normal switch contacts closed only while saidswitch is in its normal position, reverse switch contacts closed onlywhile said switch is in its reverse position, a detector track circuitfor said switch including a track relay, a first approach track circuitadjoining one end of said detector circuit in said first track andincluding a track relay, a second approach track circuit adjoining theother end of said detector circuit in said first track and including atrack relay, a first and a second approach repeater relay controlledrespectively by said first and said second approach track relays, adirectional approach stick relay controlled by said first and saidsecond approach track relays and by said first and said second approachrepeater relays as well as by said detector relay and one or more saidnormal and one or more said reverse switch contacts, a plurality ofsignals governing traflic over said switch, a signal back look-- ingrelay energized only when all of said signals indicate stop, an approachstick locking relay controlled by said polarized relay in its reverseposition and by said detector track relay and said directional approachstick relay as well as by said back locking relay and one of said switchcontacts, a stick polarized switch relay, a first and a second sourcefor supplying current to the coils of said switch relay, a first pick-upcircuit for said switch relay passing from the positive side of saidfirst source through a front contact of said neutral control relay and aback contact of said polarized control relay as well as a front contactof said stick locking relay and a front contact of said back lockingrelay and also a front contact of said detector track relay in seriesand then through the coils of said switch relay to negative side of saidfirst source, a second pickup circuit for said switch relay passing fromthe negative side of said second source through a normal and a frontcontact of said polarized control relay and a front contact of saidstick looking relay as well as through a front contact of said backlocking relay and a front contact of said detector relay in series andthen through the coils of said switch relay to positive side of saidsecond source, a first stick circuit for said switch relay controlled bya back contact of said detector track relay, a second stick circuit forsaid switch relay controlled by a back contact of said back lockingrelay, a third stick circuit for said switch relay controlled by a backcontact of said stick locking relay, a fourth stick circuit for saidswitch relay controlled by a back contact of said neutral control relayand a back contact of said polarized control relay, means including anormal contact of said switch relay for at times supplying current fromsaid first source through any one of said stick circuits in normaldirection to the coils of said switch relay, means including a reversecontact of said switch relay for at times supplying current from saidsecond source through any one of said stick circuits in reversedirection to the coils of said switch relay, means for operating saidswitch to one position or the other according as said switch relay isenergized in the normal or reverse direction, means for controllingthrough a normal contact of said switch relay and a front contact ofsaid neutral control relay as well as a back contact of said polarizedcontrol relay and one of said normal switch contacts those of saidsignals which govern trafiic over said switch in its normal position,and means for controlling through a reverse contact of said switch relayandone of said reverse switch contacts as well as a front and a normalcontact of said polarized control relay those of said signals whichgovern trafiic over said switch in its reverse position.

11. In combination; a railway switch, a neutral control relay, apolarized control relay responsive only to current of greater magnitudethan that required for the operation of said neutral relay, means forcontrolling the operation of said switch to one position or the otheraccording as the front and normal contacts of said polarized relay areclosed or the front contacts of said neutral relay are closed while theback contacts of saidpolarized relay are closed, a plurality of normalswitch contacts each closed while said switch is in its normal position,a plurality of reverse switch contacts each closed while said switch isin its reverse position, a detector track circuit for said switchincluding a track relay, one or more approach track circuits for saidswitch and each such approach circuit including a track relay, adirectional approach stick relay, means controlled according to theposition of said switch for causing said approach stick relay to bede-energized while one of said approach track relays is de-energized byan approaching train and causing said approach stick relay to becomeenergized while said detector track relay is de-energized by said trainand causing said approach stick relay to continue energized while saidtrain is receding from said switch, a plurality of signals governingtrafiic over said switch, an approach stick locking relay, meanscontrolled according to the position of said switch for causing saidstick locking relay to become de-energized by certain of said signalsbeing operated away from their stop position or by certain others ofsaid signals continuing or being operated away from their stop positionwhile said approach stick relay is de-energized, means for at timescontrolling said stick locking relay by a reverse contact of saidpolarized relay, means for selectively controlling said signals by saidneutral control relay and by said polarized control relay in itsenergized normal position according as said switch is in its normal orreverse position, an indication relay, a clockwork release latchednormal, a first asymmetric unit through which current can flow in onedirection only, a circuit including said neutral and polarized controlrelays and said indication relay as well as said first asymmetric unitand a front contact of said detector relay and also a normally closedcontact of said clockwork release in series, a manually operable leverhaving a first and a second position as well as a third and a fourth andalso a fifth and a sixth position, means including said lever while insaid first or second positions or at any point between these twopositions for supplying current in a normal direction to said circuitand of sufiicient magnitude to operate said indication and neutralcontrol relays but not said polarized control relay, means includingsaid lever while in said fifth or sixth positions or at any pointbetween these two positions for supplying current in a normal directionto said circuit and of suiiicient magnitude to operate said polarizedcontrol relay as well as said neutral control relay and said indicationrelay, a branch path around that portion of said circuit which includessaid neutral control relay and said detector relay contact as well assaid first asymmetric unit and said branch path including a back contactof said approach stick relay in multiple with a back contact of saidapproach stick locking relay and both said approach stick relay contactand said approach stick locking relay contact in series with a secondasymmetric unit through which current can flow in reverse direction onlyto that required for energizing said polarized control relay in itsnormal direction, means including said lever while in said third orfourth positions or at any point between these two positions forsupplying current in reverse direction to the circuit through saidbranch path and of suflicient magnitude to operate said indication relaybut not said polarized control relay, means including a normally closedand a normally open contact of said clockwork release for at timesrespectively removing said indication relay from said circuit andsupplying current in reverse direction to the remaining portion of saidcircuit through said branch path and of suflicient magnitude to energizesaid polarized control relay in the reverse direction, and indicationmeans controlled by said lever and said clockwork release as well as bysaid indication relay.

12. In combination with a railway trafiic governing device, a polarizedrelay, a control circuit including said polarized relay, means forsupplying current of one polarity or the other to said control circuit,a signal for governing traffic over said device, means for opening saidcontrol circuit whenever said signal indicates other than stop, meansefiective after said control circuit is opened and including a normal ora reverse contact of said polarized relay for supplying current to saidpolarized relay in the same direction as current was last suppliedthereto before said control circuit was opened, means for operating saiddevice to one position or another according as said polarized relay isenergized in one direction or the other, and means for controlling saidsignal.

13. In combination with a railway traffic governing device, a controlmeans for said device, manually operable means for at times supplyingcurrent to operate said control means, an approach track circuit forsaid device including a track relay, means controlled by said approachtrack relay for causing an indication to be displayed for a brief periodwhen a train approaching said device de-energizes said approach trackrelay while said manually operable means is in the position forsupplying current to operate said control means, and means controlled bysaid a trol relay, a second control relay responsive only to current ofgreater magnitude than that required for the operation of said firstcontrol relay, means for controlling the operation of said device to oneposition or another according as the front contacts of said secondcontrol relay are closed or the front contacts of said first controlrelay are closed while the back contacts of the second control relay areclosed, a device contact arranged to open for a brief period While saidlocking mechanism is looking said device and for another brief periodwhile said locking mechanism is unlocking said device, an indicationrelay responsive to the open periods of said device contact, manuallyoperable means for at times supplying current of different magnitudesover a pair of conductors to said first and second control relays aswell as said device contact and said indication relay in series, anapproach track circuit for said device including a track relay, meanscontrolled by said approach track relay for opening the circuit throughone of said conductors for a period which although brief is ofsufilcient duration to cause said indication re lay to respond when saidapproach relay becomes deenergized, and indication means controlled bysaid indication relay.

15. In combination, a railway traffic governing device and a lockingmechanism for said device operated in conjunction therewith, a firstcontrol relay, a second control relay responsive only to current ofgreater magnitude than that required for the operation of said firstcontrol relay, means for controlling the operation of said device to oneposition or another according as the front contacts of said secondcontrol relay are closed or the front contacts of said first controlrelay are closed while the back contacts of the second control relay areclosed, an indication relay. a first conductor extending from a remotepoint to a point adjacent said device, a second conductor of similarextent as said first conductor, a circuit including said first andsecond control relays as well as said first and second conductors inseries, a signal for governing the movement of trafiic over said device,an ap-- proach track circuit for said signal including a track relay, adetector track circuit for said device including a track relay, amanually operable lever for at times supplying current to said circuitof sufiicient magnitude to operate said first control relay but not saidsecond control relay and for at times supplying current to said circuitof sufiicient magnitude to operate said second as well as said firstcontrol relay, means for controlling said signal according to theenergization of said first and second control relays, means controlledby said lever and said indication relay for so controlling said firstand second control relays as to provide non-stick control for saidsignal while said lever is in one position and stick control for saidsignal while said lever is in another position, and means for socontrolling said indication relay over said first and second conductorsas to cause a momentary indication to be displayed while said lockingmechanism is unlocking said device and again while said lockingmechanism is looking said device andanother momentary indication whensaid approach relay becomes de-energized while said lever is in aposition for clearing said signal as well as a continuous indicationwhile said detector relay is de-energized or while said approach relayis deenergized while said lever is in a position for keeping said signalat stop.

16. In combination, a railway traffic governing device and a lockingmechanism for said device operated in conjunction therewith, a neutralcontrol relay, a polarized control relay responsive only to current ofgreater magnitude than that required for the operation of said neutralcontrol relay, means for controlling the operation of said device to oneposition or another according as a front and a neutral contact of saidpolarized control relay are closed or a front contact of said neutralcontrol relay is closed while a back contact of said polarized controlrelay is closed, an indication relay, a first conductor extending from aremote point to a point adjacent said device, a second conductor ofsimilar extent as said first conductor, a circuit including said neutraland polarized control relays as well as said first and second conductorsin series, a signal for governing the movement of traific over saiddevice, an approach track circuit for said signal including a trackrelay, a detector track circuit for said device including a track relay,a manually operable lever for at times supplying current of normalpolarity to said circuit of sufiicient magnitude to operate said neutralcontrol relay but not said polarized control relay and for at timessupplying current of normal polarity to said circuit of suificientmagnitude to operate said polarized control relay in its normaldirection, auxiliary manually operable means for at times supplyingcurrent of reverse polarity to said circuit of suflicient magnitude tooperate said polarized control relay in its reverse direction, means forcontrolling said signal according to the energization of said neutraland polarized control relays, means controlled by said lever and saidindication relay for so controlling said neutral and polarized controlrelays as to provide non-stick control for. said signal while said leveris in one position and stick control for said signal while said lever isin another position, approach locking means for at times preventing theoperation of said device while said approach relay is de-energized,means including a front and a reverse contact of said polarized controlrelay for releasing said approach locking means, means for socontrolling said indication relay over said first and second conductorsas to cause a momentary indication to be displayed While said lockingmechanism is unlocking said device and again while said lockingmechanism is looking said device and another momentary indication whensaid approach relay becomes de-energized while said lever is in aposition for clearing said signal as well as a continuous indicationwhile said detector relay is de-energized or while said approach relayis deenergized while said lever is in a position for keeping said signalat stop, and means for so supplying current to said circuit that one ofsaid conductors can be used as a common conductor for providing controlsand indications in connection with one or more additional devices.

17. In combination, a plurality of railway traffic governing devices, alocking mechanism for each of said devices operated in conjunctiontherewith, a normal and a reverse contact for each of said devices soarranged that said normal contact will be closed only while therespective device I is locked in its normal position and said reversecontact will be closed only while said respective device is locked inits reverse position, a first indication relay, a first control circuitfor said first indication relay controlled by said normal contact ofeach of said devices, a second control circuit for said first indicationrelay controlled by said reverse contact of each of said devices,

a second indication relay controlled by a front contact of said firstindication relay, control means for said devices, a first conductorextending from a remote first point to a second point adjacent saiddevices, a second conductor also extending from said first to saidsecond point, a circuit including said control means and a front contactof said first and of said second indication relay as well as said firstand second conductors in series, a branch path including a back contactof said first and of said second indication relay in series and saidbranch path being in multiple with that portion of said circuit whichincludes said front contacts of said first and second indication relays,manually operable means for supplying current to said circuit, andindication means responsive to the open periods of said circuit causedby said front and said back contacts of said first and second indicationrelays.

18. In combination, a plurality of railway traffic governing devices anda contact operated in conjunction with each of said devices, a firstindication relay controlled by each of said contacts, a slow releasesecond indication relay controlled by a front contact of said firstindication relay, control means for said devices supplied with currentby a pair of conductors from a remote point, and indication controlmeans also supplied with current by said pair of conductors and socontrolled by said first and second indication relays as to cause anindication to be displayed for a certain period of time when any of saidlocking mechanisms starts unlocking the corresponding device after allthe said devices have been locked and to cause an indication to bedisplayed for a longer or a shorter period of time when any of saidlocking mechanisms completes locking its device while all the other saiddevices are completely locked.

19. In combination, a relay for controlling a railway trafiic governingdevice, a second relay for controlling said device, a circuit includingsaid two relays in series, means for controlling said first relay, meansfor controlling said second relay, means controlled by a front contactof said first relay for putting said device into a given condition, andmeans controlled by a front contact of said second relay for'puttingsaid device into a second condition.

20. In combination, a relay, a second relay, means for selectivelycontrolling said two relays in series by current of a given polarity, arailway track switch, means controlled by said first relay for operatingsaid switch to a given position, and means controlled by said secondrelay for operating said switch to a second position.

21. In combination, a relay, a second relay, means for selectivelycontrolling said two relays in series, a railway track switch, meanscontrolled by said first relay for operating said switch to a givenposition, and means controlled by said second relay for operating saidswitch to a second position. I

22. In combination, a relay, a second relay, a circuit including saidtwo relays, means for selectively controlling said two relays, a railwaytrack switch, means controlled by. said first relay for operating saidswitch to a given position, and

means controlled by said second relay for operating said switch to asecond position.

23. In combination, a railway track switch, a polarized relay, means forcontrolling said relay in normal and reverse directions, meanscontrolled by a normal polar contact of said relay for controlling saidswitch, locking means for preventing operation of said switch, and meanscontrolled by a reverse polar contact of said relay for releasing saidlocking means.

24. In combination, a neutral relay, a polarized relay, means forcontrolling said two relays, a railway track switch, means controlled bysaid neutral relay for controlling said switch, means controlled by anormal polar contact of said polarized relay for controlling saidswitch, locking means for preventing operation of said switch, and meanscontrolled by a reverse polar contact of said relay for releasing saidlocking means.

25. In combination, a railway trafiic governing device, a second railwaytraffic governing device, a polarized relay, means for controlling saidrelay in normal and reverse directions, means controlled by a normalcontact of said relay for controlling said first device, locking meansfor preventing operation of said second device, and means controlled bya reverse contact of said relay for releasing said locking means.

26. In combination, a railway signal, a track switch over which traflicmovements are governed by said signal, a polarized relay, means forcontrolling said relay in normal and reverse directions, meanscontrolled by a normal contact of said relay for controlling saidsignal, locking means for preventing operation of said switch, and meanscontrolled by a reverse contact of said relay for releasing said lockingmeans.

27. In combination, a railway traific governing device, a second railwaytraffic governing device, a polarized relay, means for energizing saidrelay in the normal direction, means controlled by a normal polarcontact of said relay for controlling said first device, a manuallycontrollable time element device, means controlled by said timeelementdevice for energizing said relay in the reverse direction upon the lapseof a measured interval of time after said relay has been energized inthe normal direction, and means controlled by a reverse polar contact ofsaid relay for controlling said second device.

28. In combination, a railway track switch, a

.polarized relay, means for energizing said relay by current of normalpolarity, means controlled by a normal polar contact of said relay forcontrolling said switch, a manually controllable time element device,means controlled by said time element device for energizing said relayin the reverse direction upon the lapse of a measured interval of timeafter said relay has been energized in the normal direction, and meanscontrolled by a reverse polar contact of said relay for controlling saidswitch.

29. In combination, an indication relay which becomes energized ordeenergized as controlled by a railway trafiic governing device, anindication means, means controlled by said relay for energizing saidindication means for a given period when said relay becomes energized,and means controlled by said relay for energizing said indication meansfor a different period when said relay becomes deenergized.

30. In combination, an indication relay controlled by a railway trackswitch, a slow-release relay controlled by said indication relay, anindication means, and means controlled by said indication relay and bysaid slow-release relay for controlling said indication means.

31. In combination, a railway track circuit including a track relay, asignal for governing traffi-c movements over said track circuit, amanually operable lever having a normal position and a first and'asecond control position, a contact controlled by said lever and closedwhen said lever is in its first position, a second contact controlled bysaid lever and closed when said lever is in its second position, meanscontrolled by said first lever contact and by a contact of said trackrelay for causing said signal to display a proceed indication while saidlever is in its first position, a stick relay controlled by said secondlever contact and by a contact of said track relay, and means controlledby said stick relay for causing said signal to continue to display aproceed indication when said lever is moved from its first to its secondposition.

32. In combination, a railway track circuit including a track relay, asignal for governing traffic movements over said track circuit, amanually operable lever having a normal position and a first and asecond position, a first and a second contact controlled by said lever,each of which is closed when said lever is in its first position, athird contact controlled by said lever and closed when said lever is inits second position, a stick relay, a pick-up circuit for said relaycontrolled by said first lever contact, a stick circuit for said relaycontrolled by a contact of said track relay, a nonstick control circuitfor said signal controlled by a contact of said track relay and by saidsecond lever contact, and a stick second control circuit for said signalcontrolled by said third lever contact and by a contact of said stickrelay.

33. In combination with a section of railway track, a switch in saidsection, a track relay for said section, a signal governing traific oversaid switch, a control circuit for controlling said signal from adistant point, a manually controlled device, a stick relay at saiddistant point controlled by said device and by said signal controlcircuit, a second stick relay adjacent said switch controlled by saidfirst stick relay and by said track relay, and means controlled by saidsecond stick relay for controlling said switch.

34. In combination, a railway track switch, a polarized switch relay forcontrolling said switch, a track circuit for said switch including atrack relay, a normal and a reverse pick-up circuit for energizing saidswitch relay, and a stick circuit for said switch relay including one ofits own polar contacts and a back contact of said track relay forretaining said switch relay in an energized condition as long as saidtrack relay remains deenergized.

35. In combination, a railway track switch, a polarized switch relay forcontrolling said switch, a track circuit for said switch including atrack relay, a normal and a reverse pick-up circuit controlled by afront contact of said track relay for energizing said switch relay, anda stick circuit for said switch relay including one of its own polarcontacts and controlled by a back contact of said track relay forretaining said switch relay in an energized condition as long as saidtrack relay remains deenergized.

36. In combination with a railway track switch, a polarized switch relayfor controlling said switch, a manually controllable pole-changer, atrack circuit for said switch including a track relay, a pick-up circuitfor said switch relay including a front contact of said track relay,means including said pole-changer for supplying said pick-up circuitwith current of normal or reverse polarity, and a stick circuit for saidswitch relay including one of its own polar contacts and a back contactof said track relay for retaining said switch relay in an energizedcondition as long as said track relay remains deenergized.

37. In combination with a railway track switch, a polarized switch relayfor controlling said switch, a manually controllable pole-changer, asignal for governing the movement of tramc over said switch, a pick-upcircuit for said switch relay which is closed when and only when saidsignal is controlled for indicating stop, means including saidpole-changer for supplying said pick-up circuit with current of normalor reverse polarity, and a stick circuit for said switch relay includingone of its own polar contacts and closed when said signal is controlledfor indicating proceed.

38. In combination, a stretch of railway track, a signal for governingtrafiic movements in a given direction over said stretch, a secondsignal for governing traific movements in a second direction over saidstretch, a control relay for said first signal, a time releasing device,a time releasing contact controlled by said device and which at timesbecomes closed upon the lapse of a measured period of time after thebeginning of an operation of said device, a stick relay, a pick-upcircuit for said stick relay including a contact operated by saidcontrol relay and a contact controlled by said first signal as well asby said time releasing contact, a stick circuit for said stick relayincluding a contact operated by said control relay and a contactcontrolled by said first signal, and a signal control circuit includinga contact of said stick relay for controlling said second signal.

39. In a system for safely controlling a distant switch machine andreceiving distinctive indications of train progress and switch machineoperation; the combination with a distant switch machine for operating atrack switch, an approach locking relay at said switch machine, acontrol relay at said switch machine for controlling said switch machineonly if said approach locking relay is energized, a lever at a localoffice for controlling said relay, a line circuit connecting said relayand lever, signal means at said ofiice for indicating opening of saidcircuit at the relay end of said line circuit, a detector track circuitassociated with said track switch, and means at the relay end of saidline circuit for opening said line circuit continuously so long as saiddetector track circuit is occupied.

40. In combination, a stretch of railway track, a control relay, asecond control relay, a polarized relay, normal and reverse controlcircuits for said polarized relay one of which is controlled by a frontcontact of said first relay but not by a front contact of said secondrelay and the other of which is controlled by a front contact of saidsecond relay but not by a front contact of said first relay, two signalscontrolled by said polarized relay for controlling traffic movementsover said stretch, and means for clearing one signal or the otheraccording as said polarized relay is energized by its normal or itsreverse control circuit.

41. In combination, a railway track switch, a relay having a front and aback contact, a second relay having a front and a back contact, apolarized relay, a normal control circuit for said polarized relayincluding the front contact of said first relay, a reverse controlcircuit for said polarized relay including the front contact of saidsecond relay, a stick circuit for said polarized relay including theback contacts of said first and second relays, and means controlled bysaid'polarized relay for operating said switch to its normal or itsreverse position according to the direction of energization of saidpolarized relay.

42. In combination, two railway signals governing the movement oftraflic over conflicting routes, a control relay, a second controlrelay, a polarized relay, normal and reverse control circuits for saidpolarized relay controlled by said first and second control relaysrespectively, stick circuits for said polarized relay controlled by bothsaid first and second control relays, and means controlled by saidpolarized relay for clearing one signal or the other according as saidpolarized relay is energized in the normal or the reverse direction.

43. In combination, a stretch of railway track, a control relay, asecond control relay, a polarized relay, normal and reverse controlcircuits for said polarized relay controlled by said first and secondcontrol relays respectively, normal and reversesstick circuits for saidpolarized relay controlled by normal and reverse contacts respectivelyof said polarized relay as well as by both of said control relays, twoconflicting signals for controlling traffic movements over said stretch,and means for clearing one signal or the other according as saidpolarized relay is energized in the normal or the reverse direction.

44. In combination, a stretch of railway track, a control relay, asecond control relay, a polarized relay, normal and reverse controlcircuits for said polarized relay one of which includes a front contactof said first relay and the other of which includes a back contact ofsaid first relay and a front contact of said second relay, a stickcircuit for said polarized relay including a back contact of said firstrelay and a back contact of said second relay, two conflicting signalsfor controlling traffic movements over said stretch, and means forclearing one signal or the other according as said polarized relay isenergized in the normal or the reverse direction.

45. In combination, a section of railway track containing a switch, anapproach section adjoining said switch section, a second approachsection adjoining said switch section, an approach locking relay, acircuit controlled by traffic conditions in said first approach sectionfor controlling said relay, a second circuit controlled jointly by tramcconditions in said switch section and in said second approach sectionfor controlling said relay, and means controlled by said approachlocking relay for controlling said switch.

46. In combination, a section of railway track containing a switch, anapproach section adjoining said switch section, a second approachsection adjoining said switch section, an approach locking relay, aswitch section relay controlled by trafiic conditions in said switchsection, an approach relay controlled by traflic conditions in saidfirst approach section, a second approach relay controlled by trafii'cconditions in said second approach section, a circuit including a frontcontact of said first approach relay for controlling said approachlocking relay, a second circuit including a back contact of saidswitch'section relay in series with a back contact of said secondapproach relay for controlling said approach looking relay, and meanscontrolled by said approach locking relay for controlling said switch.

4'7. In combination, a section of railway track containing a switch, anapproach section adjoining said switch section, a signal for governingtrafiic movements through said switch section into said approachsection, an approach locking relay, a pick-up circuit for said relaycontrolled by trafiic conditions in said switch section and saidapproach section, a stick circuit for said relay controlled by saidsignal, and means controlled by said approach locking relay forcontrolling said switch.

48. In combination, a stretch of railway track including a first and asecond section as well as a track switch, approach locking means for attimes preventing operation of said switch when a train approaches saidswitch, and means controlled jointly by trafiic conditions in said firstsection and by traffic conditions in said second section for releasingsaid switch.

49. In combination, a stretch of railway track including a first and asecond section as well as a track switch, locking means controlled bytrafiic conditions in said stretch for at times preventing operation ofsaid switch, and means controlled jointly by traffic conditions in saidfirst section and by traffic conditions in said second section forreleasing said switch.

50. In combination, a section of railway track including a switch, asecond section adjacent said switch section, locking means for at timespreventing operation of said switch, and means for releasing saidlocking means if said switch section and said second section are bothoccupied by a train.

51. In combination, a section of railway track including a switch, asecond section adjacent said switch section, locking means for at timespreventing operation of said switch, and means for releasing saidlocking means if said second section is occupied by a train.

52. In combination, a railway track switch, a polarized switch relay forcontrolling saidswitch, a track circuit for said switch including atrack relay, a normal and a reverse pick-up circuit for F energizingsaid switch relay, and a stick circuit for said switch relay includingone of its own polar contacts and a back contact controlled by saidtrack relay for retaining said switch relay in an energized condition aslong as said track relay remains deenergized.

53. In combination, a railway track switch, a polarized switch relay forcontrolling said switch, a track circuit for said switch including atrack relay, a normal and a reverse pick-up circuit controlled by afront contact controlled by said track relay for energizing said switchrelay, and a stick circuit for said switch relay including one of itsown polar contacts and controlled by a back contact controlled by saidtrack relay for retaining said switch relay in an energized condition aslong as said track relay remains deenergized.

54. In combination with a railway track switch,

a polarized switch relay for controlling said,

switch, a manually controllable pole-changer, a track circuit for saidswitch including a track relay, a pick-up circuit for said switch relayincluding a front contact controlled by said track relay, meansincluding said pole-changer for supproaching the switch, and means forenergizing said stick relay after a time interval only if said signalsindicate stop and said approach relay is energized.

56. In a railroad trailic controlling system, a track switch, a switchmachine for operating said track switch, a two-position circuitcontroller for governing said switch machine, a remotely controlledrelay, operating circuits for said two-position circuit controllergoverned by said remotely controlled relay, holding circuits for saidtwoposition circuit controller governed by said remotely controlledrelay, a detector track section, means opening the operating circuits ofsaid twoposition circuit controller when said detector track section isoccupied, and means preventing operation of said remotely controlledrelay when said detector track section is occupied.

57. In a railroad traflic controlling system, a track switch, a switchmachine for operating said track switch, a two-position circuitcontroller for governing said switch machine, a remotely controlledrelay, operating circuits for said twoposition circuit controllergoverned by said remotely controlled relay, holding circuits for saidtwo-position circuit controller governed by said remotely controlledrelay, a detector track section, means opening the operating circuits ofsaid two-position circuit controller when said detector track section isoccupied, and means preventing the opening of said holding circuits forsaid two-position circuit controller when said detector track section isoccupied.

58. In an approach locking system; a track switch; a lock relay which ifdeenergized prevents operation of said switch; a signal governingtraffic over said switch; a detector track relay associated with saidswitch; an approach relay; and an energizing circuit for said lock relayincluding a contact closed when said signal is at stop, a back contactof said detector track relay and a front contact of said approach relay.

59. In combination, a railway switch, an approach track section remotefrom the switch, a detector track section adjacent to the switch, anapproach control relay, a normally closed stick circuit to normallyenergize said relay, a track relay for said approach track section torupture said stick circuit in response to a train traversing saidapproach track section, a track relay for the detector track section, apick-up circuit for said approach control relay controlled jointly bythe track relays of the two mentioned track sections, efiective toenergize said approach control relay only when the track relay of theapproach track section is energized and the track relay of the detectortrack section is deenergized, and means to control the operation of theswitch rendered ineffective as long as the approach control relayremains deenergized.

60. In-combination, a railway switch, an approach track section remotefrom the switch, a detector track section adjacent to the switch, anapproach control relay, a normally closed stick circuit to normallyenergize said relay, a track circuit including a track relay for saidapproach track section to rupture said stick circuit in response to atrain traversing said approach track section, a track circuit includinga track relay for the detector track section, a pick-up circuit for saidapproach control relay controlled jointly by the track relays of the twomentioned track circuits effective to energize said approach control.relay only when the track relay of the approach track circuit isenergized and the track relay of the detector track circuit isdeenergized,

and means to control the operation of the switch rendered inefiective aslong as the approach control relay remains deenergized.

61. In combination, a railway switch, a trafiic governing relay adaptedto permit traffic over the switch when moved to one position and to stoptrafiic when moved to a second position, a normally energized approachcontrol stick relay, a

track circuit to deenergize said stick relay in response to a trainapproaching said switch, a pick-up circuit, means for reenergizing saidstick relay efiective only after the train has advanced beyond the trackcircuit and the trafiic governing relay is moved to its second mentionedposition, and means to control the operation of the switch renderedeffective when the approach control stick relay is energized.

62. In combination, a railway switch having a normal and a reverseposition, a switch control ling relay having a normal and a reverseposition to select the respective positions of the switch, despatchercontrolled means to select the respective positions of the switchcontrolling relay, a detector track circuit adjacent the switch, anapproach track circuit remote from the switch, a track relay for each ofsaid track circuits, a normally energized approach stick relaycontrolled by the track relay of the approach track circuit, and circuitmeans controlled jointly by the stick relay and the track relay of thedetector track circuit arranged to prevent, under certain trafiicconditions, the despatcher controlled means from changing the positionof the switch controlling relay once a train has entered the approachtrack circuit until said train advances through said approach trackcircuit and said detector track circuit.

63. In combination, a railway track switch, a signal for governing trairc movements in a given direction over said switch, a control relay, acircuit including a front contact of said relay for controlling saidsignal, a switch relay, a stick circuit for said switch relay includinga back contact of said control relay, an approach stick relay, a stickcircuit for said approach stick relay controlled by a train approachingsaid signal in said given direction, a pick-up circuit for said approachstick relay including a back contact of said control relay, a pick-upcircuit for said switch relay controlled by said approach stick relay,and means controlled by said switch relay for controlling said switch.

64. In a railroad traffic controlling system, a track switch, a switchmachine for operating said track switch, a two-position circuitcontroller for governing said switch machine, a remotely controlledrelay, operating circuits for said twoposition circuit controllergoverned by said remotely controlled relay, holding circuits for saidtwo-position circuit controller governed by said remotely controlledrelay, a detector track section, means opening the operating circuits ofsaid two-position circuit controller when said detector track section isoccupied, and means preventing a particular operation of said remotelycontrolled relay when said detector track section is occupied.

65. In a railroad traffic controlling system, a track switch, a switchmachine for operating said track switch, a two-position circuitcontroller for governing said switch machine, a remotely controlledrelay, operating circuits for said two-position circuit controllergoverned by said remotely controlled relay, holding circuits for saidtwoposition circuit controller governed by said remotely controlledrelay, a detector track section, means opening the operating circuits ofsaid twoposition circuit controller when said detector track section isoccupied, and means effective when said detector track section isoccupied to prevent the operation of said remotely controlled relaywhich completes one said operating circuit for said two-position circuitcontroller.

66. In a system of the character described, a power-operated trackswitch, two track circuits at the switch, one in the main track and theother in the turnout track, a lock relay controlling the operation ofsaid switch, an energizing circuit for said relay closed only when saidtwo track circuits are shunted, and means for rendering said circuiteffective to energize said relay when the switch is in the reverseposition.

67. In combination, a traffic route for a railway arranged into a first,a second and a third track section, a second railway intersecting thesecond track section of the first mentioned railway, a route lockingcircuit so'co-ntrolled as to prevent a train on the second railway fromproceeding over the intersection when a train occupies the first tracksection; and a circuit means to release the route locking circuit by twosubsequent steps, one of which is accomplished as the train in the firsttrack section advances into the second track section, while the secondstep is accomplished as the train advances from the second track'sectioninto the third track section.

68. In combination, a first, a second and a third track section for arailway track forming a traffic route over which trafiic may move ineither direction, a second railway track intersecting the second tracksection, a route locking circuit so controlled as to prevent a train onthe second railway track from proceeding over the intersection when atrain enters either the first or the third track section, circuit meansto release the route locking circuit when a train enters the first tracksection and then subsequently occupies the second and third section orwhen a train enters the third section and then subsequently occupies thesecond and first track section.

69. In combination, a trafiic route for a railway arranged into a first,a second and a third track section, a second route having a portioncommon with the second track section of the first mentioned route, aroute locking circuit so controlled as to prevent a train on the secondroute from proceeding over the common portion when a train occupies thefirst track section; and a circuit means to release the route lockingcircuit by two subsequent steps, one of which is accomplished as thetrain in the first track section advances into the second track section,while the second step is accomplished as the train advances from thesecond track section into the third track section.

'70. In combination, a first, a second and a third track section for arailway track forming a traffic route over which trafiic may move ineither direction, a second railway track having a portion common to thesecondv track section, a route looking circuit so controlled as toprevent a train on the second railway track from proceeding over thecommon portion when a train enters either the first or the thirdtracksection, circuit means to release the route locking circuit when atrain enters the first track section and then subsequently occupies thesecond and third section or when a train enters the third section andthen subsequently occupies the second and first track section.

'71. Switch locking means for looking a track switch against operationcomprising, a normally energized stick relay which is deenergized if asignal governing traffic over the track switch indicates clear whilethere is a train approaching such signal, a locking circuit permittingoperation of said track switch including a contact closed when saidsignal is at stop and said stick relay is energized, and means forrestoring said stick relay if two adjacent track circuits associatedwith said track switch are shunted simultaneously.

'72. Switch locking means for looking a track switch against operationcomprising, a normally energized stick relay which is deenergized if asignal governing traffic over a track switch indicates clear while thereis a train approaching such signal, a locking circuit permittingoperation of said track circuit including a contact closed when saidsignal is at stop and said stick relay is energized, and means forrestoring said stick relay if two adjacent track circuits associatedwith said track switch are shunted simultaneously and said track switchassumes the proper position.

'73. In switch locking means, in combination with a stretch of track, aturn-out, a switch at the turn-out, and means for operating the switch,a lock means for the switch operating means, means for making the lockmeans efiective upon clearing a signal controlling trafiic over theswitch, and means maintaining the lock means effective only if a trainis approaching the signal at the time the signal is cleared. 74. Inswitch locking means, in combination with a stretch of track, aturn-out, a switch at the turn-out, and means for operating the switch,a lock means for the switch operating means, means for making the lockmeans effective upon clearing a signal controlling traffic over theswitch, and means maintaining the lock means effective only if a trainis approaching the signal at the time the signal is cleared, and meansautomatically removing the locking, and requiring the simultaneousoccupancy of two adjacent track sections, provided the signal is put tostop.

75. In an interlocking system for railroads, a railroad track switch,means for operating said track switch, a signal governing trafiic oversaid track switch said signal being manually operable to indicate clearor stop, approach locking means preventing operation of said trackswitch a predetermined time after said signal is manually caused toindicate stop whenever a train is approaching said track switch, meansautomatically causing said signal to indicate stop upon the passage of atrain over said track switch, and'means rendering said approach lockingmeans ineffective when said signal is caused to be automatically put tostop, said means being effective only until said signal is againmanually governed.

'76. In an interlocking system for railroads, a railroad track switch,means for operating said track switch, a'signal governing traffic oversaid track switch said signal being manually operable to indicate clearor stop, approach locking means preventing operation of said trackswitch a predetermined time after said signal is manually caused toindicate stop Whenever a train is approaching said track switch, meansauto-- matically causing said signal to indicate stop upon the passageof a train over said track switch, and means rendering said approachlocking means inefiective when said signal is caused to be automaticallyput to stop, said means being effective until said signal is againmanually governed.

77. In an interlocking system for railroads, a railroad track switch, aswitch machine for operating said track switch, a signal governingtrafiic over said track switch said signal being manually operable toindicate clear or stop, approach locking means preventing operation ofsaid switch machine, releasing means for releasing said approach lockingmeans a predetermined time after said signal is manually caused toindicate stop whenever a train is approaching said track switch, meansautomatically causing said signal to indicate stop upon the passage of atrain over said track switch, and other means for releasing saidapproach locking means when said signal is caused to be automaticallyput to stop, said other means being efiective continuously until saidsignal is again manually governed.

78. In an interlocking system for railroads, a railroad track switch, aswitch machine for operating said track switch, a free and unlockablelever for controlling said switch machine, a signal for governingtrafiic over said track switch said signal being manually operable toindicate clear or stop, approach locking means preventing operation ofsaid switch machine in response to a change in the position of saidlever if said signal indicates clear, releasing means for releasing saidapproach locking means a predetermined time after said signal ismanually caused to indicate stop whenever a train is approaching saidtrack switch, means automatically causing said signal to indicate stopupon the passage of a train over said track switch, and other means forimmediately releasing said approach locking means when said signal iscaused to be automatically put to stop, said other means being efiectivecontinuously until said signal is again manually governed.

'79. In combination, a section of railway track including a trackswitch, a control relay for operating the switch, a detector trackcircuit for the section having a track relay, a line circuit includingsaid control relay, manually controllable contacts located at a pointremote from the switch for controlling the line circuit, meanscontrolled by said track relay for opening the line circuit continuouslyas long as the detector track circuit is occupied, and means associatedwith said manually controllable contacts for indicating when the linecircuit is open.

80. In combination, a section of railway track including a track switch,a control relay for operating the switch, a detector track circuit forthe section having a track relay, manually controllable contacts locatedat a point remote from the switch for controlling said relay, anindication relay at said remote point, a line circuit including saidcontrol relay, said indication relay and said contacts, means controlledby said track relay for opening the line circuit continuously as long asthe detector track circuit is occupied, and indication means controlledby the indication relay for indicating when said line circuit is open.

81. In combination, a section of railway track including a track switch,a control relay for operatingthe switch, a detector track circuit forthe section'having a track relay, manually controllable contacts locatedat a point remote from the switch for controlling said relay, anindication relay at said remote point, a line circuit including saidcontrol relay, said indication relay and said contacts, means controlledby said track relay for opening the line circuit continuously as long asthe detector track circuit is occupied, other means adjacent the switchfor momentarily opening the line circuit, and means controlled by theindication relay for distinctively indicating the continuous ormomentary opening of said line circuit.

82. In a system of approach locking for poweroperated switches, thecombination with a stick relay which must be energized to permit poweroperation of a railway track switch, of means for energizing said stickrelay including a circuit closed only upon simultaneous shunting of twodifferent but adjacent track circuits.

83. In a system of approach locking, the combination with apower-operated switch, of signals for governing traflic over saidswitch, a stick relay which must be energized to permit power operationof said switch, and a circuit for efiecting the energization of saidrelay which becomes closed in response to the movement of a train pastone of said signals provided two different track circuits adjacent theswitch are simultaneously shunted.

84. In a system of the character described, a power-operated trackswitch over which trafiic may move in opposite directions, a stick relayfor controlling the operation of said switch, a detector track circuit,track circuits adjacent to said detector track circuit on each sidethereof, two energizing circuits for said stick relay each closed whenthe detector track circuit and an adjacent track circuit in advancethereof are shunted, and means dependent upon the direction of trainmovement toward the switch for rendering one or the other of saidcircuits effective to control said stick relay.

85. In a system of the character described, a power-operated trackswitch, two track circuits at the switch, one in the main track and onein the turnout track, a relay for at times controlling the operation ofsaid switch, an energizing circuit for said relay closed only when saidtwo track circuits are shunted, and means for rendering said circuitefiective to energize said relay when the switch is in the reverseposition.

86. In a system of approach locking for a power operated track switch,the combination with a lock relay of the stick type which must be energized to permit operation of the switch, signals for governing themovement of trafiic over the switch, a pickup circuit for said lockrelay which becomes closed in response to the movement of a train pastone of said signals provided two difierent track circuits adjacent theswitch are simultaneously shunted, and a stick circuit for said lockrelay including its own front contact and closed if said signals are atstop.

87. In a system of approach looking for a power-operated track switch, astick relay for controlling the operation of the switch, a detectortrack circuit associated with the switch, two approach track circuitsincluding one in advance and one in the rear of said detector trackcircuit, and two pickup circuits for said stick relay one includingcontacts closed when the detector track circuit and the approach trackcircuit in advance are simultaneously shunted and the other includingcontacts closed when the detector track circuit and the approach trackcircuit in the rear are simultaneously shunted.

88. In combination, a railway signal, an approach track circuit for saidsignal including a track relay, a second and a third track circuit, eachof which includes a track relay, an approach locking stick relay, meansfor energizing said approach locking relay including a front contact of

